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Market · 230/400 V, 50 Hz

Bitcoin Miners for Italy

What an Italian buyer needs to know before importing Bitcoin mining hardware: the 230/400 V supply and the 3 kW limit on most home contracts, cooling through hot summers, and customs and IVA on imports.

Voltage and electrical supply in Italy

Italy's supply is 230/400 V at 50 Hz. Sockets are Type C, F and L: Type L comes in 10 A and 16 A versions, and hybrid outlets that also accept Type F (Schuko, rated 16 A) are common. In some areas, such as central Rome, buildings are still fed by legacy transformers giving about 130 V phase-to-neutral and 230 V phase-to-phase, with single-phase loads connected across two phases, so check how a building is supplied before wiring a miner.

For a home miner the contract is the tighter limit. ARERA, the energy regulator, says most homes have a contracted power (potenza impegnata) of 3 kW, and the meter allows at least 10% more before it trips, so about 3.3 kW in total. A single large air-cooled miner can exceed that: Bitmain's S21 XP draws 3,645 W at 220–277 V with a 20 A single-phase input. Contracted levels of up to 30 kW can be chosen. A miner also needs its own circuit, for example with a 32 A IEC 60309 industrial socket, and hydro-cooled models such as the S21 XP Hyd need 380–415 V three-phase. Confirm the contracted power with the supplier and the installation with a qualified electrician.

SupplyConnectionListed miners that accept it
230 V, phase to neutralPhase to neutral53 of 93
400 V three-phaseLine to line40 of 93
230 V, legacy phase-to-phaseLegacy phase-to-phase (some areas, e.g. central Rome); Older delta–wye networks: about 130 V phase-to-neutral, homes connected across two phases53 of 93

Counted from the input-voltage range stated for each miner, for the 93 listed miners with a stated range. Nominal supply values; actual site voltage varies. Have a qualified electrician confirm your supply, breakers and cabling.

Cooling for the Italian climate

Italy's climate is highly diverse. Most inland northern and central regions range from humid subtropical to humid continental and oceanic; the Po Valley is mostly humid subtropical, with cool winters and hot summers, and the Ligurian coast has a Mediterranean climate under the Köppen classification. On 11 August 2021 a station near Syracuse in Sicily recorded 48.8 °C, the official European record according to the World Meteorological Organization.

That is above the 45 °C maximum intake temperature Bitmain lists for the S21 XP, so sites in the hottest areas, such as Sicily, need margin in summer: shaded, ducted intake or hydro-cooled models. In humid Po Valley summers, keep intake air inside the 10–90% non-condensing range; winter days of −2 °C with snow in Milan are well above the −20 °C minimum.

Most efficient miners compatible with Italian supply

Lowest J/TH among listed models whose published input range includes a standard Italian supply voltage.

Bitcoin mining in Italy

The Cambridge Digital Mining Industry Report (April 2025), from a survey of 49 mining firms with data as of 30 June 2024, attributes 0.03% of reported mining activity to Italy, weighted by power consumption; Italy was also among the countries where respondents had their headquarters. The survey covered about 48% of network hashrate, and its authors caution that a respondent base centred on the United States affects country estimates. Cambridge's earlier Bitcoin Mining Map, built from mining-pool data, was last updated in January 2022.

How purchasing works

Orders are handled the same way for every destination and scale with quantity:

  • 1–4 units: online checkout on products that show a price and a confirmed availability status.
  • 5–19 units: checkout or a volume quote.
  • 20 units and above: a wholesale quotation covering unit price, batch, freight and delivery terms.
  • 100 units and above, or a full site: handled by mining sales as a procurement project.

Where a product shows "Availability on request" or "Available", stock is not held in a warehouse; lead time is confirmed on your quotation.

Shipping to Italy

Standard shipping to Italy is free on every order. If you need it faster, choose express shipping at checkout and we quote it before payment is requested.

Request Express Quote

Importing into Italy

Customs in Italy is run by the Agenzia delle Dogane e dei Monopoli (ADM). Italian VAT (IVA), a state tax paid to the Treasury (Erario), applies to imports by anyone as well as to domestic sales of goods and services; the ordinary rate is 22%.

An EORI number is mandatory for customs operations in the EU. In Italy it is requested from ADM with an application form submitted to one of the agency's territorial offices. Under the EU's common customs rules the customs value is the invoice value plus transport and insurance, and the country of origin determines the duty payable, so duty depends on classification and origin. Electrical equipment rated between 50 and 1,000 V AC falls under the EU Low Voltage Directive.

Infrastructure for larger deployments

Beyond a few machines, the miners are one line of the bill of materials. Transformers, switchgear, PDUs, racking, cooling and containers are specified around the miner model and the site's supply voltage, and can be quoted as one procurement scope.

Sources

Checked on October 11, 2026.

Other markets in Europe

Wholesale & project supply

Supplying a mining operation in Italy?

Send models, quantity, destination and available electrical capacity. Sales replies with equipment options, delivery terms and lead time.